Definition
Phenotypic Markers
Blood Groups
Biochemical Polymorphisms
RFLPs = Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms = variation in the restriction map of a given locus
Restrcition enzymes:
Restriction endonucleases cut DNA molecules at specific sites (1 )
Recognition sequences for the majority of Type II restriction endonucleases are palindromes, usually 4-8 bp long (1 )
RFLPs can result from:
Point mutation creating or destroying a restriction site (1 )
Insertion / deletions altering the length of a given restriction fragment.
RFLPs are usually detected by Southern blotting (1 )
A seminal paper based on RFLPs has been the start point of a new era in mammalian genetics (Botstein et al., 1980)
Minisatellites or VNTR
Markers
Microsatellites or SSR
Markers
SNPs